Barrier methods

Barrier methods prevent the passage of sperm into the uterus. The most used is the condom, which in addition to protecting against pregnancy does so from sexually transmitted diseases.

Male condom

It is a latex sleeve that fits the erect penis with a small reservoir at the blind end that serves as a reservoir for semen. The theoretical failure rate is 2-3%. Certain care must be followed to increase its effectiveness, such as checking the expiration date and handling it carefully when opening and placing it, and thus we will avoid the administration of it. It must be placed with the penis erect before penetration or contact of the penis with the vagina and vulva. It should be removed after ejaculation when the penis is still erect and holding it by the base to prevent it from sliding into the vagina or spilling semen. It should then be checked for integrity and disposed of in the trash, never down the toilet. It is very important to know that condoms are for single use only.

In case of rupture or retention of the condom in the vagina, you can choose to take emergency contraception or "morning after pill". Lubricants can be used but they must be soluble in water, not oily (like petroleum jelly) since the latter reduce the effectiveness of the condom.

Female condom

Protects from both unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. It consists of a very thin but resistant plastic sheath that is placed in the vagina before penetration. It has a cylindrical shape and is provided with 2 rings, a smaller inner one that is placed inside the vagina as a diaphragm and an outer one that covers the labia in a flattened way during intercourse. To remove it, the outer ring must be twisted and stretched gently and carefully so that the semen that remains inside does not spill. It should be thrown away and a new one used with each sexual intercourse.

Diaphragm

It is a latex sheath that is placed at the bottom of the vagina covering the cervix and makes it difficult for sperm to ascend into the uterine cavity. It is placed before sexual intercourse and should be left on at least 6 hours after and no more than 24 hours after, carefully washed and saved for the next intercourse. It must always be supplemented with spermicidal cream. Before using it, a visit to the specialist is required for training and selecting the appropriate size. The size can change with significant variations in weight or after delivery.

Spermicide

They are substances that, when applied to the bottom of the vagina, injure or destroy sperm. They can serve as a barrier to the passage of sperm into the uterus. Used as the sole contraceptive method, they are approximately 80% effective, but when used in combination with other methods, their effectiveness increases. They are marketed in the form of cream or ovules that must be applied in the vagina about 10 minutes before sexual intercourse and their application must be repeated with each intercourse.