Gifted childrens

The intelligence It is a complex concept, therefore, the term gifted is very broad and can lead to confusion. At present, there is no consensus on how to define giftedness in childhood Since each child is different and their gifted abilities can manifest in different ways. Although it is preferred to speak of high intellectual capacity instead of gifted.

IQ greater than 130

People with high intellectual abilities they have a score greater than 130 in intelligence tests. As a curiosity, 1 out of every 100 children has an intelligence test score of 130 or higher; only one in a million exceeds 180 points.

Areas where the child can excel

It is currently accepted that a 70% of intelligence is given by genes and the rest by the environment, that is, the stimuli and opportunities that have been given to the child. This giftedness can be manifest through 5 areas:

• Cognitive area: it is the form of giftedness that is most easily recognized since they are children who excel in their knowledge, like Einstein,
• Creative area: They are usually creative people, but that does not mean that all creative people are gifted. This form of endowment depends on whether you live in a stimulating environment and to emerge it needs discipline and perseverance, like Mozart.
• Emotional area: they are people with a lot of empathy, who feel the needs of others, like Gandhi.
• Social leadership areaThese are people with a flair for people, like Churchill.
• Motor area: they are people who excel in sports, like Johan Cruyff.

Types of giftedness

Early

It's about the boy with a very early developmentFor example, speech, psychomotor skills (crawling, walking ...) and sphincter control. Most gifted people are precocious, but not all precocious people are gifted. It is estimated that 15% of children are precocious but only 2% are gifted.

Very smart

It is a child with great ability to learn but it is not usually precocious in its first years of life and test scores do not exceed 130 points.

Talented

It is the child that shows spectacular capabilities in a given area: chess, music ... but it doesn't have to be also gifted. Often these children do not excel in anything else, while gifted children excel in two or more areas.

Prodigy

It is the child who performs a extraordinary activity for his age or does something that is the responsibility of adults. In many cases the child prodigy is not gifted, he only excels in that matter.

Genius

These are people who, thanks to their exceptional capacities in intelligence or creativity, make a brilliant work recognized by society (like Picasso, Cervantes ...). They are usually gifted people with scores in the intelligence test between 170-180.

Gifted

The child who excels in many areas of human knowledge, whose IQ exceeds 130 points and that he possesses a great creative capacity and an intrinsic motivation for learning.

How to know if a child is gifted?

The gifted child draws attention from the first months of life since its development is precocious.

When there is a suspicion on the part of parents or teachers of the possible giftedness of a child a study must be carried out to confirm the diagnosis and to be able to offer the child the best support and school. In case of confirming that the child is gifted, the adapt the school curriculum to their knowledge and it can be done in several ways:

• Overtaking the child of course
• Doing enrichment groups with children of the same abilities dealing with topics of their interest
• Attending workshops or extracurricular activities that are of interest to the child: music, art
• Attending classes held in gifted associations

The characteristics of giftedness in the first years of life are as follows:

Early motor development

• Holds head and stares around the first days of life
• Communicates early
• Stands upright at 6 months and walks at 9
• Draw the human figure with head, trunk and limbs at two and a half years
• Assemble a 20-piece puzzle at two and a half years

Language development

• Intentionally smiles before 6 weeks of age
• He pronounces his first words at 8 months and the first sentence at a year. At 24 months he has an advanced vocabulary
• Maintains a conversation between 18 and 24 months of age forming complex sentences. Some children do not speak until they are 2 years old but when they do they do it perfectly without rag tongue
• Ask for new words you don't know at three years

Cognitive development

• Has an interest in letters and memorizes them
• Learn the alphabet at 2 and a half years
• Read between 3 and 4 years, with little help
• Write before 5, usually in capital letters because the stroke is easier
• At the age of two he already has a sense of time (morning, afternoon and night) and uses the present, past and future
• He is interested in numbers and memorizes them
• Count to 10 at two and a half years (concept of quantity, not just running)
• Solve addition and subtraction problems within 10 at three years
• At three years of age he understands concepts such as: left-right, below, above, in front ...
• Learn colors (at least six) at 18 months
• Know the relationships at 2 and a half years
• Can read time at 5 years

Way of playing

• He is very creative and imaginative
• Entertains and concentrates well if something interests him
• He likes books, puzzles and drawing since he was 18 months
• He usually plays with older children and likes the company of adults

Independence

• Control the sphincters before the age of 2
• Choose your own clothes at 2 and a half years
• Dresses and undresses only at 4 years
• Is a

Conduct

• He is very curious and active
• The phase of the questions and the why? reaches two years
• Demands a lot of attention and needs a lot of stimulation due to his eagerness to learn
• He is very sensitive to family tensions and the mood of his parents
• He is an observer, he notices small details
• Perfectionist
• Highly developed sense of justice
• He is the leader of the group
• At school, he can be the class 'clown'

Gifted children also suffer from school failure

It is important to know that many myths around the gifted child are not true like:

• The gifted has school failure: Many gifted people get good grades. If the school is aware of the type of student it has, it can adapt the curriculum to your needs.
• The gifted child has communication problems: if you have the possibility to interact with colleagues of the same level there is no problem of any kind

It must be clear that the gifted is a child with the same fears and needs and, by no means, a miniature adult. The main problem these children suffer from is the dyssynchrony, that is to say, the imbalance between the development of their intelligence and the rest of the characteristics of their person or personality.